Child health and diseases department, also known as pediatrics, is the branch of science that deals with the diagnosis, follow-up and treatment of individuals in the process from birth to adolescence. Congenital diseases of persons defined as children between the ages of 0 and 18, vaccination follow-up that should be applied regularly after birth, mental, physical and motor development are followed by pediatricians. In the routine examinations made during this process, many processes such as the development of babies' height, weight, nutrition and similar development, as well as the development of daily life skills, expression and understanding, and neurological and psychological developments are monitored and monitored. Physicians, who deal with the difficult diagnosis and treatment of the diseases of babies whose communication skills have not yet developed, carry out the examinations of individuals in childhood by considering their psychology. Child health and diseases physicians specialize in the department of pediatrics for 4 years after 6 years of medical school education. Child health and diseases department also has many sub-branches. Pediatricians specializing in these fields go through an additional training process.